OR4S2

OR4S2 is a gene that encodes the olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily S, member 2 protein in humans. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome.

Function

The protein encoded by the OR4S2 gene is an olfactory receptor. Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes.

Gene

The OR4S2 gene is located on the chromosome 11 (11q11). It spans 1,062 base pairs and encodes a protein of 315 amino acids. The gene is expressed in the olfactory epithelium, the tissue lining the nasal cavity that is involved in smell.

Clinical Significance

While the specific clinical significance of OR4S2 is not yet fully understood, olfactory receptors in general have been implicated in various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Further research is needed to determine the specific role of OR4S2 in human health and disease.

See Also

• Olfactory receptor
• G-protein coupled receptors
• Chromosome 11
• Neurodegenerative diseases