Northern blot
Northern blot
The Northern blot (/ˈnɔːrðən blɒt/), also known as RNA blotting, is a technique used in molecular biology research to study gene expression by detection of RNA (or isolated mRNA) in a sample.
Etymology
The Northern blot technique was developed by James Alwine, David Kemp, and George Stark at Stanford University in 1977. It was named after the Southern blot, a method for DNA detection developed by Edwin Southern. The names are a play on the surname "Southern", with "Northern" and "Western" (a method for protein detection) following as a geographical sequence.
Method
The Northern blot method involves the separation of RNA samples by gel electrophoresis, transfer of the RNA from the gel to a membrane (blotting), and the subsequent probing of the membrane with a labeled complementary DNA or RNA to detect specific RNA species.
Related Terms
- Southern blot: A method used in molecular biology for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples.
- Western blot: A widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract.
- Eastern blot: A method used to detect post-translational modifications of proteins.
- Dot blot: A technique in molecular biology used to detect proteins.
- RNA: A polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes.
- DNA: A molecule composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses.
- Gel electrophoresis: A method for separation and analysis of macromolecules (DNA, RNA and proteins) and their fragments, based on their size and charge.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Northern blot
- Wikipedia's article - Northern blot
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