Nigro protocol

Nigro Protocol

The Nigro Protocol is a preoperative treatment regimen used in the management of rectal cancer. It was developed by Dr. Norman Nigro in the 1970s and has since been widely adopted in the treatment of anal cancer and other types of cancer.

History

The Nigro Protocol was first introduced by Dr. Norman Nigro in 1974. He proposed the use of a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as a preoperative treatment for rectal cancer. This approach was initially met with skepticism, but subsequent studies have confirmed its effectiveness.

Treatment Regimen

The Nigro Protocol involves the administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy before surgery. The chemotherapy typically consists of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C, while the radiotherapy is usually delivered at a dose of 30 Gy in 15 fractions.

Effectiveness

Several studies have shown that the Nigro Protocol can significantly reduce the size of the tumor and improve the chances of successful surgery. It has also been found to improve survival rates and reduce the risk of recurrence.

Side Effects

Like all cancer treatments, the Nigro Protocol can cause side effects. These may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and skin irritation. However, these side effects are usually manageable and subside once the treatment is completed.

See Also

• Chemotherapy
• Radiotherapy
• Rectal Cancer
• Anal Cancer