Neonatal maladjustment syndrome

Neonatal maladjustment syndrome (NMS), also known as dummy foal syndrome, is a neurological disorder that affects newborn foals. It is characterized by a variety of abnormal behaviors and neurological signs, which may include a lack of normal maternal bonding, difficulty in standing and nursing, and abnormal sleep patterns. The syndrome is thought to be caused by a lack of oxygen during the birthing process, but other factors may also play a role.

Symptoms and Signs

The symptoms of neonatal maladjustment syndrome can vary widely, but often include:

• Difficulty standing or nursing
• Lack of normal maternal bonding
• Abnormal sleep patterns
• Seizures
• High-pitched whinnying
• Aimless wandering
• Excessive rolling or lying down

Causes

The exact cause of neonatal maladjustment syndrome is not fully understood, but it is thought to be related to a lack of oxygen during the birthing process. Other factors that may contribute to the development of the syndrome include:

• Difficult or prolonged labor
• Maternal illness or stress during pregnancy
• Premature birth
• Infection

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of neonatal maladjustment syndrome is based on the presence of characteristic symptoms and signs. Additional tests may be performed to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms, such as sepsis or hypoglycemia.

Treatment

Treatment for neonatal maladjustment syndrome is primarily supportive and may include:

• Intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration
• Medications to control seizures
• Physical therapy to help the foal learn to stand and nurse
• Close monitoring to ensure the foal is receiving adequate nutrition and care

Prognosis

With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, most foals with neonatal maladjustment syndrome recover fully. However, the prognosis can vary depending on the severity of the symptoms and the overall health of the foal.

See Also

• Foal
• Neurological disorders
• Sepsis
• Hypoglycemia

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