Nematode dermatitis

Nematode dermatitis
Synonyms	Creeping eruption, Larva migrans
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Itchy, red, winding rash
Complications	Secondary infection
Onset	Hours to days after exposure
Duration	Weeks to months
Types	N/A
Causes	Hookworm larvae, primarily Ancylostoma braziliense and Ancylostoma caninum
Risks	Walking barefoot on contaminated soil or sand
Diagnosis	Clinical evaluation, history of exposure
Differential diagnosis	Tinea corporis, Contact dermatitis, Scabies
Prevention	Avoid walking barefoot in endemic areas, use protective footwear
Treatment	Anthelmintic medications such as albendazole or ivermectin
Medication	Albendazole, Ivermectin
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common in tropical and subtropical regions
Deaths	N/A

Nematode dermatitis is a skin condition caused by the infestation of the skin by nematodes, a type of parasitic roundworm. This condition is also known as cutaneous larva migrans or creeping eruption due to the characteristic tracks left by the migrating nematode larvae under the skin.

Causes

Nematode dermatitis is caused by the larvae of various species of nematodes, including Ancylostoma, Necator, and Strongyloides. These nematodes are typically found in soil contaminated with feces from infected animals, such as dogs and cats. Humans can become infected when the larvae penetrate the skin, often through bare feet or hands.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of nematode dermatitis is an itchy, red, raised rash that often forms a winding track on the skin. This is caused by the migration of the nematode larvae under the skin. Other symptoms may include blisters, hives, and swelling.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of nematode dermatitis is typically based on the characteristic appearance of the rash and a history of possible exposure to contaminated soil. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for nematode dermatitis typically involves the use of anthelmintic medications, such as albendazole or ivermectin, to kill the nematode larvae. Topical corticosteroids may also be used to help reduce inflammation and itching.

Prevention

Prevention of nematode dermatitis involves avoiding contact with soil that may be contaminated with nematode larvae. This can be achieved by wearing shoes and protective clothing when in areas where nematodes may be present, and by not allowing pets to defecate in areas where people may come into contact with the soil.

See also

• Parasitic skin diseases
• Dermatitis
• Nematodes