Muntingia

Singapur cherry (Muntingia calabura) in Hyderabad, AP W IMG 9597

Singapur cherry Muntingia calabura tree in Secunderabad, AP W IMG 6651

Muntingia calabura (2)

Muntingia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Muntingiaceae, native to the Neotropics, from Mexico and the Caribbean, to South America and northward into Central America. The genus is monotypic, containing a single species, Muntingia calabura, commonly known as the Jamaican cherry, Panama berry, Singapore cherry, or simply calabura. It is widely cultivated for its edible fruit, as well as for ornamental purposes.

Description

Muntingia calabura is a small tree that reaches a height of 7–12 meters. It has a slender trunk with spreading branches and a dense, broad crown. The leaves are simple, lanceolate to ovate, green, and alternately arranged. They are finely toothed along the edges and measure 2–15 cm in length.

The flowers of Muntingia calabura are solitary or in small clusters, white, and have a diameter of 1–2 cm. They feature 5 petals and numerous stamens, and are known for their sweet, fragrant aroma. The tree is prolific in flowering and fruiting. Flowers last for only a day, after which they are quickly replaced by the fruit.

The fruit is a small, red, spherical berry, about 1–1.5 cm in diameter, containing numerous small seeds. It is sweet and edible, with a flavor reminiscent of cotton candy. The fruits are highly favored by birds and other wildlife, as well as being consumed fresh by humans or used in jams and jellies.

Ecology

Muntingia calabura thrives in tropical and subtropical climates, preferring full sun and well-drained soils. It is remarkably fast-growing and can begin to bear fruit within a year of planting. The tree is also known for its drought tolerance and can thrive in poor soils, making it a popular choice for reforestation and agroforestry projects.

The tree plays a significant role in its ecosystem, providing food for a variety of birds and insects. Its flowers attract bees and butterflies, making it an excellent plant for pollinator gardens.

Uses

Beyond its value as a food source, Muntingia calabura has various traditional medicinal uses. The leaves, bark, and roots have been used in folk medicine to treat a range of ailments, including abdominal pain, fever, and inflammation, although scientific evidence supporting these uses is limited.

The wood of Muntingia calabura is light and soft, making it of limited commercial value. However, it is sometimes used for making boxes, matches, and other small wooden items.

Cultivation

Muntingia calabura is easily propagated from seeds, which germinate readily without pretreatment. It can also be propagated from cuttings. The tree's fast growth and ease of care make it a popular choice for gardens and landscapes in tropical and subtropical regions. It requires minimal maintenance once established and is relatively free from major pests and diseases.

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