Multiple

Sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis (pronunciation: /ˈmʌltɪpl ˈsklɛrəsɪs/) is a chronic disease that affects the central nervous system, specifically the brain and spinal cord. The term originates from the Latin words "multi" (many) and "sclerose" (hardening), referring to the many hardened patches of tissue that develop in the brain and spinal cord as a result of the disease.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis can vary widely and may include fatigue, difficulty walking, numbness or tingling, muscle weakness, and problems with coordination and balance. More severe cases can lead to problems with speech and swallowing, mood changes, and cognitive impairment.

Causes

The exact cause of Multiple Sclerosis is unknown, but it is believed to be an autoimmune disease, where the body's immune system attacks its own tissues. In the case of Multiple Sclerosis, the immune system damages the myelin sheath, the protective covering of nerve fibers, in the central nervous system.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis is typically based on the presenting symptoms, patient's medical history, and a series of diagnostic tests, including MRI scans and spinal fluid analysis.

Treatment

While there is currently no cure for Multiple Sclerosis, treatments can help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. These may include medications, physical therapy, and in some cases, surgery.

Related Terms

• Autoimmune disease
• Central nervous system
• Myelin
• MRI

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Multiple
• Wikipedia's article - Multiple

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