Monkeypox virus
Monkeypox virus
Monkeypox virus (mʌŋkiːpɒks vaɪrəs) is a double-stranded DNA, zoonotic virus and a species of the genus Orthopoxvirus in the family Poxviridae and subfamily Chordopoxvirinae. The virus was first discovered in 1958 when outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in monkeys kept for research.
Etymology
The term "Monkeypox" was coined when the disease was first discovered in laboratory monkeys. The term "pox" comes from the Old English word "poc", which means "pustule". The term "virus" comes from the Latin word "virus", meaning "poison" or "slimy liquid".
Transmission
Monkeypox virus is primarily transmitted to humans from non-human animals. The primary reservoirs of Monkeypox virus in nature are believed to be African rodents. Human Monkeypox can be contracted from an infected animal through a bite or direct contact with the animal's blood or body fluids, or with materials contaminated with these fluids.
Symptoms
The symptoms of Monkeypox are similar to but milder than smallpox. They include fever, headache, muscle aches, backache, swollen lymph nodes, chills, and exhaustion. A rash then develops, often beginning on the face and then spreading elsewhere on the body.
Treatment
There is no specific treatment for Monkeypox. However, the disease is typically self-limiting and most individuals recover within several weeks. In severe cases, patients may need to be hospitalized and receive treatments for complications from the virus.
Prevention
Prevention of Monkeypox involves avoiding contact with animals that could harbor the virus. This includes not handling or consuming undercooked or raw meat from such animals. Vaccination against smallpox has been proven to be 85% effective in preventing Monkeypox.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Monkeypox virus
- Wikipedia's article - Monkeypox virus
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