Mixed

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Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD)

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (pronounced: mixt kuh-nek-tiv tish-oo dih-zeez), often abbreviated as MCTD, is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by overlapping features of three connective tissue disorders: systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and polymyositis.

Etymology

The term "Mixed Connective Tissue Disease" was first coined in 1972 by Sharp et al., who described a distinct subset of patients with overlapping clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and polymyositis, along with the presence of a specific autoantibody, now known as anti-U1 RNP (ribonucleoprotein).

Symptoms

Symptoms of MCTD may include fatigue, muscle pain, joint swelling, and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). The disease can also affect the lungs, heart, kidneys, and liver.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of MCTD typically involves a combination of clinical findings and laboratory tests, including the detection of anti-U1 RNP antibodies.

Treatment

Treatment for MCTD typically involves managing symptoms and preventing organ damage. This may include medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive drugs.

Related Terms

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