Microbial synergy
Microbial Synergy
Microbial synergy (/maɪˈkroʊbiəl ˈsɪnərdʒi/) refers to the interaction between two or more microorganisms that results in a greater combined effect than the sum of their individual effects. The term is derived from the Greek words "micro" (small) and "bios" (life), and the Latin word "synergia" (cooperation).
Definition
Microbial synergy is a phenomenon where two or more microbes work together to enhance their survival or virulence. This can occur in various ways, such as through the sharing of nutrients, the production of toxins, or the evasion of the host's immune system.
Examples
One example of microbial synergy is the interaction between the bacteria Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in the formation of dental biofilms. Another example is the synergistic relationship between HIV and tuberculosis, where the presence of one infection can significantly increase the severity of the other.
Clinical Significance
Understanding microbial synergy is crucial in the field of microbiology and infectious diseases, as it can influence the course of an infection and the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy. It can also have implications for the development of new antibiotics and vaccines.
Related Terms
- Antagonism: The opposite of synergy, where the interaction between two or more organisms results in a lesser combined effect.
- Cooperation: A form of interaction where both organisms benefit.
- Commensalism: A relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped.
- Parasitism: A relationship between two organisms where one benefits at the expense of the other.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Microbial synergy
- Wikipedia's article - Microbial synergy
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