Metal fume fever

Metal fume fever
Synonyms	Brass founders' ague, brass shakes, zinc shakes, galvie flu, Monday morning fever
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Fever, chills, nausea, cough, fatigue, muscle aches
Complications	N/A
Onset	3–10 hours after exposure
Duration	24–48 hours
Types	N/A
Causes	Inhalation of metal oxide fumes, commonly zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, or copper oxide
Risks	Welding, smelting, galvanizing, metal cutting
Diagnosis	Based on history of exposure and symptoms
Differential diagnosis	Influenza, common cold, pneumonia
Prevention	Use of respiratory protection, ventilation
Treatment	Rest, hydration, analgesics
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good, symptoms resolve within 48 hours
Frequency	Common in industrial settings
Deaths	N/A

Metal fume fever, also known as brass founders' ague, brass shakes, zinc shakes, galvie flu, metal dust fever, Welder's ague, is a fever reaction to certain types of metal dust. It is most commonly associated with exposure to zinc oxide fumes that are produced when zinc or zinc-containing materials are heated to high temperatures, but can also be caused by exposure to other metal fumes, including copper, magnesium, and aluminium.

Symptoms

The symptoms of metal fume fever are nonspecific but can include fever, chills, nausea, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, joint pains, lack of appetite, shortness of breath, pneumonia, chest pain, change in blood pressure, and in severe cases, fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema). Symptoms of a more severe metal toxicity may also include a metallic taste in the mouth, dry and irritated throat, and coughing.

Causes

Metal fume fever is caused by inhaling fumes from metals heated to high temperatures. The most common cause is exposure to zinc oxide fumes. Other metals that can cause metal fume fever include copper, magnesium, and aluminium.

Prevention

Prevention of metal fume fever involves adequate ventilation and use of respiratory protective equipment when working with metals that can produce toxic fumes.

Treatment

Treatment for metal fume fever is primarily supportive. This can include rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications to relieve symptoms. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

See also

• Occupational lung disease
• Occupational safety and health
• Zinc oxide