Mastoiditis
Mastoiditis (pronunciation: mas-toi-dai-tis) is a serious bacterial infection that affects the mastoid bone, located behind the ear. It is often a complication of otitis media, a middle ear infection.
Etymology
The term "Mastoiditis" is derived from the Greek words "mastos" meaning "breast" and "-itis" indicating inflammation. This is due to the mastoid bone's breast-like shape.
Symptoms
The symptoms of mastoiditis include pain and swelling behind the ear, fever, hearing loss, and discharge from the ear. In severe cases, it can cause serious complications such as abscess formation, meningitis, or facial paralysis.
Causes
Mastoiditis is usually caused by untreated or inadequately treated acute otitis media. The bacteria from the middle ear can spread to the mastoid bone, causing inflammation and infection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of mastoiditis is typically made based on physical examination and medical history. Imaging tests such as Computed Tomography (CT) scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment for mastoiditis usually involves antibiotics to fight the infection. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove the infected part of the mastoid bone, a procedure known as a mastoidectomy.
Prevention
Prevention of mastoiditis primarily involves prompt treatment of middle ear infections to prevent the spread of infection to the mastoid bone.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Mastoiditis
- Wikipedia's article - Mastoiditis
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