Mastoidectomy

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Mastoidectomy

Mastoidectomy (/mæstɔɪˈdɛktəmi/) is a surgical procedure performed on the mastoid bone to remove infected air cells. The mastoid bone is located in the skull, just behind the ear.

Etymology

The term "Mastoidectomy" is derived from the Greek words "mastos" meaning "breast" and "oid" meaning "resembling". The suffix "-ectomy" is derived from the Greek word "ektome" meaning "excision".

Procedure

During a mastoidectomy, the surgeon removes the infected air cells which are located in the mastoid bone. These cells are often infected due to chronic otitis media, an ongoing ear infection that can lead to a number of complications if left untreated.

The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision behind the ear to access the mastoid bone. The infected cells are then removed using a surgical drill.

Types of Mastoidectomy

There are three main types of mastoidectomy:

  • Simple Mastoidectomy: The surgeon removes the infected air cells but leaves the rest of the ear structure intact.
  • Radical Mastoidectomy: The surgeon removes the infected air cells, the eardrum, and the middle ear structures.
  • Modified Radical Mastoidectomy: The surgeon removes the infected air cells and some of the middle ear structures, but leaves the eardrum intact.

Related Terms

  • Otitis Media: An infection or inflammation of the middle ear. This is often the cause of the infection in the mastoid air cells.
  • Mastoiditis: An infection of the mastoid bone, often caused by untreated otitis media.
  • Tympanoplasty: A surgical procedure to repair a damaged eardrum. This may be performed in conjunction with a mastoidectomy if the eardrum is also damaged.

External links

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