Lima

Capital of Peru

Lima is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac, and Lurín rivers, in the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Lima is the most populous city in Peru and the third-largest city in the Americas.

History

Old coat of arms of Lima

Lima was founded by Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535, as "Ciudad de los Reyes" (City of the Kings). The city became the capital and most important city in the Viceroyalty of Peru. During the colonial period, it was the center of the Spanish colonial empire in South America.

The city was built on the site of an existing indigenous settlement known as Limaq, which was part of the Inca Empire. The name "Lima" is derived from the Quechua word "Limaq".

Geography

Lima is located on a desertic coast overlooking the Pacific Ocean. The city is bordered by the Andes Mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The Rímac River flows through the city, providing a vital water source.

Climate

Lima has a mild desert climate, with temperatures moderated by the Humboldt Current. The city experiences very little rainfall, with most precipitation occurring in the form of light drizzle or mist known as "garúa".

Economy

Lima is the industrial and financial center of Peru. The city accounts for more than two-thirds of the country's industrial production and is home to many national companies. The Port of Callao, located in the Lima metropolitan area, is one of the busiest ports in South America.

Culture

Plaza de Armas, Lima

Lima is known for its rich cultural heritage, which is a blend of indigenous, African, and European influences. The city is home to numerous museums, theaters, and cultural institutions.

Cuisine

Lima is renowned for its culinary scene, which features a fusion of traditional Peruvian ingredients with international influences. The city is famous for dishes such as ceviche, lomo saltado, and aji de gallina.

Architecture

Basílica y Convento de San Francisco de Lima

Lima's architecture is a mix of colonial, neoclassical, and modern styles. The historic center of Lima, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is noted for its well-preserved colonial architecture, including the Basilica and Convent of San Francisco, the Cathedral of Lima, and the Government Palace.

Transportation

Lima has a comprehensive public transportation system, including buses, a metro line, and taxis. The city is served by the Jorge Chávez International Airport, which is the main gateway to Peru.

Education

Lima is home to several prestigious universities, including the National University of San Marcos, the oldest university in the Americas, and the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru.

Related pages

• History of Lima
• Geography of Peru
• Culture of Peru