Klein's line

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Klein's line
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Specialty	Orthopedic surgery
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Diagnosis	Radiography
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Klein's line is an anatomical reference line used in the diagnosis of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), a condition that affects the hip joint in adolescents. This line is a crucial tool in the field of orthopedics for identifying abnormalities in the alignment of the femur and the pelvis.

Anatomy and Definition

Klein's line is drawn on an anteroposterior (AP) radiograph of the hip. It is a straight line that runs along the superior edge of the femoral neck. In a normal hip, Klein's line should intersect the epiphysis of the femoral head. If the line does not intersect the epiphysis, it may indicate a slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Clinical Significance

The use of Klein's line is particularly important in the early detection of SCFE, a condition where the femoral head slips off the neck at the growth plate. This condition is most common in adolescents and can lead to significant hip pain and limping. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term complications such as osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis.

Diagnosis of SCFE

In the diagnosis of SCFE, Klein's line is used in conjunction with other radiographic signs, such as the Trethowan's sign and the Southwick angle. The presence of a positive Klein's line, where the line does not intersect the epiphysis, is a strong indicator of SCFE. This finding should prompt further investigation and potential surgical intervention.

Treatment

The treatment of SCFE often involves surgical fixation to prevent further slippage and to stabilize the growth plate. The use of screw fixation is a common method to achieve this stabilization. Early intervention is key to preventing complications and ensuring proper hip function.

See also

• Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
• Orthopedics
• Femur
• Hip joint