Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction (/dʒʊərɪsˈdɪkʃən/; from the Latin jus, 'law' + dictio, 'declaration') is the legal term for the authority granted to a legal entity or body to administer justice within a defined field of responsibility. This can include the ability to hear and decide cases, to make legal judgments, or to enforce laws.
Etymology
The term "jurisdiction" comes from the Latin jus, meaning 'law', and dictio, meaning 'declaration'. It was first used in English in the 14th century to refer to the administration of justice.
Types of Jurisdiction
There are several types of jurisdiction, including:
- Personal Jurisdiction: The authority over a person, regardless of their location.
- Subject Matter Jurisdiction: The authority over the subject of the legal questions involved in the case.
- Territorial Jurisdiction: The authority confined to a bounded area, such as a municipality, state, or federal state.
- Appellate Jurisdiction: The authority to review a case by a higher court.
- Original Jurisdiction: The court has the right to hear the case first.
Related Terms
- Court: A body organized to administer justice.
- Judge: An official who presides over a court.
- Law: A system of rules created and enforced by social or governmental institutions.
- Legal System: A system for interpreting and enforcing the laws.
- Sovereignty: The authority of a state to govern itself or another state.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Jurisdiction
- Wikipedia's article - Jurisdiction
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