Janagliflozin

An article about the antidiabetic medication Janagliflozin

Janagliflozin
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Janagliflozin is an oral antidiabetic medication used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to the class of drugs known as sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors), which work by preventing the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys, thereby promoting its excretion in the urine.

Mechanism of Action

Janagliflozin functions by inhibiting the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) in the proximal tubules of the kidney. This inhibition reduces the reabsorption of filtered glucose and lowers the renal threshold for glucose, leading to increased urinary glucose excretion and a reduction in blood glucose levels.

Pharmacokinetics

Janagliflozin is administered orally and is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It has a bioavailability of approximately 78% and reaches peak plasma concentrations within 1 to 2 hours after ingestion. The drug is extensively metabolized in the liver, primarily via the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, and is excreted in both urine and feces.

Clinical Use

Janagliflozin is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It is often used in combination with other antidiabetic agents such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin to achieve better glycemic control. The medication is not recommended for use in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Janagliflozin include urinary tract infections, genital mycotic infections, and increased urination. More serious side effects can include ketoacidosis, acute kidney injury, and hypotension. Patients are advised to maintain adequate hydration to minimize the risk of dehydration and hypotension.

Contraindications

Janagliflozin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment, end-stage renal disease, or those on dialysis. It should also be used with caution in patients with a history of hypotension or electrolyte imbalance.

Related pages

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors
• Metformin
• Insulin

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  Janagliflozin