Isosorbide

From WikiMD's medical encyclopedia

Isosorbide is an organic compound that is derived from glucose and is used in medical applications, primarily in the treatment of heart-related conditions. It is a bioactive compound that is classified as a diol, a type of alcohol that contains two hydroxyl groups.

Chemical Structure

Isosorbide has the chemical formula C6H10O4. It is a white, crystalline substance that is soluble in water. The compound is derived from glucose through a process of hydrogenation and dehydration. The resulting structure is a bicyclic molecule with two hydroxyl groups, which are responsible for its bioactive properties.

Medical Uses

In medicine, isosorbide is used primarily in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. It is an active ingredient in several medications, including Isosorbide dinitrate and Isosorbide mononitrate, which are used to treat and prevent angina pectoris. These medications work by relaxing and widening blood vessels, which allows blood to flow more easily to the heart.

Isosorbide is also used in the treatment of congestive heart failure, a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. In this context, isosorbide helps to reduce the workload of the heart and improve the heart's efficiency.

Side Effects

Like all medications, isosorbide can cause side effects. Common side effects include headache, dizziness, lightheadedness, and flushing. Less common side effects can include nausea, vomiting, and heart palpitations. In rare cases, isosorbide can cause severe allergic reactions.

Patients who are taking isosorbide should seek immediate medical attention if they experience symptoms of a severe allergic reaction, such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or a rash.

See Also

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Wikipedia

  • Isosorbide

  • Isosorbide reactions

  • Isosorbid-bis-(diphenylphosphate)

  • Sorbitol-Sorbitan-Isosorbid

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD