Isomaltose

Isomaltose

Chemical structure of isomaltose

Isomaltose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked by an _(1_6) glycosidic bond. It is an isomer of maltose, which has an _(1_4) glycosidic bond. Isomaltose is a product of the enzymatic breakdown of starch and glycogen by the enzyme isomaltase.

Structure

Isomaltose consists of two D-glucose units. The linkage between the glucose units is an _(1_6) bond, which distinguishes it from other disaccharides like maltose and sucrose. This structural difference affects its digestibility and metabolism in the human body.

Metabolism

In the human digestive system, isomaltose is hydrolyzed by the enzyme isomaltase, which is located on the brush border of the small intestine. This enzyme cleaves the _(1_6) bond, releasing two glucose molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. The presence of isomaltase is crucial for the proper digestion of starch-derived oligosaccharides.

Sources

Isomaltose is not commonly found in free form in nature. It is primarily produced during the digestion of starches and glycogen. Foods rich in starch, such as potatoes, rice, and corn, can lead to the formation of isomaltose during digestion.

Function

While isomaltose itself does not have a direct nutritional role, its breakdown into glucose is essential for providing energy to the body. Glucose is a primary energy source for cellular respiration and is vital for the functioning of muscles, brain, and other tissues.

Related pages

• Maltose
• Sucrose
• Lactose
• Carbohydrate
• Glycogen
• Starch