Interneuron
Interneuron
Interneurons (pronounced: /ˌɪntərˈn(y)o͝orän/), also known as relay neurons or association neurons, are a type of neuron that transmits impulses between other neurons within the same region of the brain or spinal cord.
Etymology
The term "interneuron" is derived from the Latin inter, meaning "between", and the Greek neuron, meaning "nerve". It was first used in the late 19th century to describe neurons that acted as a link between sensory and motor neurons.
Function
Interneurons play a crucial role in the central nervous system (CNS). They connect sensory neurons and motor neurons, facilitating communication between the two. This allows for complex processes such as reflexes and higher cognitive functions like learning and memory.
Types
There are several types of interneurons, each with a specific function. These include:
- Inhibitory interneurons: These neurons inhibit the activity of other neurons, preventing them from firing.
- Excitatory interneurons: These neurons increase the likelihood of other neurons firing.
- Modulatory interneurons: These neurons modulate the activity of other neurons, either increasing or decreasing their activity.
Related Terms
- Neuron
- Sensory neuron
- Motor neuron
- Central nervous system
- Inhibitory interneuron
- Excitatory interneuron
- Modulatory interneuron
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Interneuron
- Wikipedia's article - Interneuron
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