Interatrial septum
Interatrial septum is the wall of tissue that separates the atria of the heart. It plays a crucial role in the proper functioning of the heart by preventing the mixing of blood between the two atria.
Anatomy
The interatrial septum is a thin wall located between the two atria of the heart. It is made up of two parts: the septum primum and the septum secundum. The septum primum is a thin membrane that grows downward from the top of the atria, while the septum secundum is a thicker, more muscular wall that grows upward from the bottom of the atria.
Function
The primary function of the interatrial septum is to prevent the mixing of oxygen-rich blood in the left atrium with the oxygen-poor blood in the right atrium. This separation is crucial for the efficient functioning of the heart and the circulatory system.
Clinical significance
Defects in the interatrial septum, such as atrial septal defect (ASD), can lead to a number of health problems. ASD is a congenital heart defect in which there is a hole in the interatrial septum that allows blood to mix between the two atria. This can lead to an overload of blood in the right side of the heart and the lungs, causing symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and heart palpitations.
See also
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
