Information systems
Information Systems
Information Systems (pronunciation: /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən ˈsɪstəmz/) is a field of study that involves the analysis, design, implementation, and management of information flow in organizations and society. The term originated from the Greek words "informare" meaning to give form to the mind, and "systema" meaning combined parts or components.
Definition
An Information System (IS) is a group of components that interact to produce information. It focuses on the internal rather than technical aspects of information management. It includes not only the computer hardware and software, but also data, people, procedures, standards, and the data or information generated.
Types of Information Systems
There are several types of Information Systems:
- Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) - These systems process business transactions and are often used in sales or payroll functions.
- Management Information Systems (MIS) - These systems provide regular reports based on data from TPS and are often used in planning and control.
- Decision Support Systems (DSS) - These systems provide interactive tools to support decision-making.
- Executive Information Systems (EIS) - These systems provide a variety of internal and external information to top managers.
Importance of Information Systems
Information Systems are crucial in the management and operations of organizations. They provide a means of recording, storing, and retrieving critical information which can be used for decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization. Information Systems are also important in problem identification and solution, and in the implementation of the strategic goals of an organization.
Related Terms
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