Independent assortment
Independent Assortment
Independent assortment (pronunciation: /ɪnˌdɛpɛndənt əˈsɔːtmənt/) is a fundamental principle of genetics that states that the alleles for different traits segregate, or assort, independently of each other during the formation of gametes.
Etymology
The term "independent assortment" is derived from the English words "independent", meaning not influenced or controlled by others in matters of opinion, and "assortment", meaning a miscellaneous collection of things or people. It was first used in the field of genetics by Gregor Mendel in his studies on pea plants.
Definition
In the context of Mendelian inheritance, independent assortment refers to the process where the chromosomes that an offspring receives from their parents are randomly assorted. This means that the traits of the offspring are not influenced by the traits of the parents, but are instead determined by the combination of chromosomes that the offspring receives.
Related Terms
- Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with reference to a single trait, set of traits, or an entire complex of traits.
- Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.
- Allele: One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
- Chromosome: A threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- Gamete: A mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Independent assortment
- Wikipedia's article - Independent assortment
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