Hypertensive encephalopathy
Hypertensive Encephalopathy
Hypertensive encephalopathy (/haɪˌpɛrtɛnˈsɪv ˌɛnsɪˈfæləpəθi/) is a medical condition characterized by a sudden, severe increase in blood pressure that can lead to damage in the brain. The term is derived from the Greek words "hyper" meaning high, "tensio" meaning pressure, "encephalo" meaning brain, and "pathy" meaning disease.
Definition
Hypertensive encephalopathy is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when blood pressure becomes dangerously high. This can cause fluid to leak from blood vessels in the brain, leading to swelling and potentially causing symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and in severe cases, coma or death.
Causes
The exact cause of hypertensive encephalopathy is not known, but it is often associated with conditions that can cause a sudden increase in blood pressure, such as renal disease, preeclampsia, or certain cardiovascular diseases. It can also occur as a result of certain medications or illicit drugs that raise blood pressure.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hypertensive encephalopathy can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but may include severe headache, nausea, vomiting, seizures, confusion, and in severe cases, coma or death.
Treatment
Treatment for hypertensive encephalopathy typically involves lowering the blood pressure to prevent further damage to the brain. This can be achieved through the use of antihypertensive medications. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hypertensive encephalopathy
- Wikipedia's article - Hypertensive encephalopathy
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