Hydroxyprogesterone acetate
Synthetic progestin medication
Hydroxyprogesterone acetate is a synthetic progestin medication used in various medical applications. It is a derivative of progesterone, a naturally occurring hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species.
Medical Uses
Hydroxyprogesterone acetate is primarily used in the treatment of conditions such as endometriosis, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and as part of hormone replacement therapy in menopause. It is also used to prevent preterm birth in pregnant women who have a history of spontaneous preterm birth.
Mechanism of Action
As a progestin, hydroxyprogesterone acetate works by mimicking the effects of natural progesterone. It binds to progesterone receptors in the body, which helps regulate the menstrual cycle and maintain the early stages of pregnancy. This action helps to stabilize the endometrium and prevent uterine contractions that can lead to preterm birth.
Pharmacokinetics
Hydroxyprogesterone acetate is administered via intramuscular injection. It has a long half-life, allowing for sustained release and prolonged action in the body. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the urine.
Side Effects
Common side effects of hydroxyprogesterone acetate include nausea, headache, and breast tenderness. More serious side effects can include thromboembolic events, allergic reactions, and liver dysfunction. Patients are advised to report any unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider.
History
Hydroxyprogesterone acetate was first synthesized in the mid-20th century as part of efforts to develop effective synthetic progestins. It has since been used in various therapeutic contexts and remains an important medication in the management of certain gynecological and obstetric conditions.
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