Head circumference
Head Circumference
Head circumference (pronunciation: /hɛd/ /ˌsɜːrkəmˈfɛrəns/) is a measurement of the distance around the largest area of the head. It is a standard measurement in pediatrics for assessing the growth and development of infants and children.
Etymology
The term "head circumference" is derived from the English words "head" and "circumference". "Head" comes from the Old English "heafod", while "circumference" originates from the Latin "circumferre", meaning "to carry around".
Measurement
Head circumference is typically measured during routine child health exams using a flexible measuring tape that is wrapped around the widest possible circumference of the head - above the eyebrows and ears, and around the back of the head where it protrudes the most. The measurement is usually taken in centimeters (cm) for accuracy.
Significance
Head circumference is an important indicator of brain growth and development in infants and children. Abnormal head circumference, either too large (macrocephaly) or too small (microcephaly), can be a sign of developmental disorders or medical conditions that may require further evaluation and treatment.
Related Terms
- Microcephaly: A medical condition in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal because the brain has not developed properly or has stopped growing.
- Macrocephaly: A condition characterized by an abnormally large head circumference. It can be due to many factors, including genetic disorders or hydrocephalus.
- Hydrocephalus: A condition that occurs when fluid builds up in the skull and causes the brain to swell. It is often associated with an increased head circumference.
- Pediatrics: The branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents from birth up to the age of 18.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Head circumference
- Wikipedia's article - Head circumference
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