Hangman's fracture

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's weight loss doctor NYC
Philadelphia GLP-1 weight loss and GLP-1 clinic NYC

Hangman's fracture
Synonyms	Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Neck pain, limited range of motion, neurological deficits
Complications	Spinal cord injury, paralysis, death
Onset	Sudden, typically due to trauma
Duration	Varies, depending on severity and treatment
Types	N/A
Causes	Trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or falls
Risks	High-speed accidents, falls from height
Diagnosis	CT scan, X-ray, MRI
Differential diagnosis	Odontoid fracture, Cervical spine fracture
Prevention	Use of seat belts, protective gear in sports
Treatment	Immobilization, surgery, physical therapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with appropriate treatment
Frequency	Relatively rare
Deaths	N/A

Hangman's fracture

Incidence According to Age Group in the USA during 2010

Trend of Hospital Charges and Number of Discharges

Hangman's fracture is a specific type of cervical fracture that involves the second cervical vertebra (C2). It is a serious injury that can lead to severe neurological complications or death. The fracture is named after the method of execution by hanging, as the mechanism of injury is similar.

Causes

Hangman's fractures are typically caused by extreme hyperextension of the neck, often as a result of high-speed motor vehicle accidents or falls from a significant height. They can also occur as a result of attempted suicide by hanging, although this is less common.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a hangman's fracture can vary depending on the severity of the injury. They may include:

• Severe neck pain
• Difficulty moving the neck
• Difficulty swallowing or speaking
• Numbness or weakness in the limbs

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a hangman's fracture typically involves a physical examination and imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs. The fracture is characterized by a break in the pars interarticularis of C2 on both sides.

Treatment

Treatment for a hangman's fracture depends on the severity of the fracture and the patient's overall health. It may involve:

• Immobilization with a cervical collar or halo vest
• Pain management with medications
• Surgery to stabilize the spine

Prognosis

The prognosis for a hangman's fracture depends on the severity of the injury and the patient's overall health. With appropriate treatment, some patients may make a full recovery. However, severe fractures can result in long-term complications such as chronic pain, difficulty swallowing or speaking, and neurological problems.

See also

• Cervical vertebrae
• Spinal fracture
• Neck injury