Haematuria

Haematuria (pronounced: hee-ma-tu-ree-a) is a medical condition characterized by the presence of blood, specifically red blood cells, in the urine. It can be categorized as either microscopic haematuria or macroscopic haematuria, depending on whether the blood is visible to the naked eye or only detectable under a microscope.

Etymology

The term "haematuria" is derived from the Greek words "haima" meaning "blood" and "ouron" meaning "urine".

Causes

Haematuria can be caused by a variety of conditions, including but not limited to:

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Kidney stones
• Bladder stones
• Kidney disease
• Bladder cancer
• Kidney cancer
• Certain medications, such as aspirin and anticoagulants

Symptoms

In cases of macroscopic haematuria, the urine may appear pink, red, or cola-colored due to the presence of blood. Microscopic haematuria, on the other hand, is usually asymptomatic and is often detected during routine urinalysis.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of haematuria typically involves a detailed medical history, physical examination, and various tests such as urinalysis, blood tests, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, and sometimes cystoscopy.

Treatment

Treatment for haematuria depends on the underlying cause. It may involve antibiotics for UTIs, medication to shrink an enlarged prostate, or surgery to remove kidney or bladder stones or tumors.

See also

• Proteinuria
• Hematuria
• Urinalysis
• Urinary tract infections
• Kidney stones
• Bladder stones

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Haematuria
• Wikipedia's article - Haematuria

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