Genomic DNA
Genomic DNA
Genomic DNA (pronounced: jee-noh-mik dee-en-ey) is the DNA that makes up the genome of an organism. It includes both the DNA in the nucleus (nuclear DNA) and the DNA in the mitochondria (mitochondrial DNA).
Etymology
The term "genomic" is derived from the word "genome", which comes from the German word 'Genom', coined by Hans Winkler in 1920. It is a combination of the words "gene" and "chromosome". "DNA" is an acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that carries most of the genetic instructions used in the development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms.
Definition
Genomic DNA is the complete set of genetic material within an organism. This DNA is packaged into structures called chromosomes, which are located within the nucleus of each cell. In addition to the nuclear DNA, a small amount of DNA is also located in the mitochondria.
Related Terms
- Chromosome: A structure within the cell that contains DNA and protein. It is the vehicle for transmitting genetic information.
- Gene: A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making a specific protein or set of proteins.
- Mitochondrial DNA: The small amount of DNA that is located in the mitochondria of a cell.
- Nuclear DNA: The DNA that is located within the nucleus of a cell.
- Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Genomic DNA
- Wikipedia's article - Genomic DNA
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