Genetic screen
Genetic screen
Genetic screen (pronunciation: /dʒɪˈnɛtɪk skriːn/) is a procedure used to identify and select for individuals who possess a phenotype of interest in a mutagenized population.
Etymology
The term "genetic screen" is derived from the English words "genetic", meaning related to genes or heredity, and "screen", meaning to examine or investigate.
Procedure
A genetic screen involves creating a library of mutants and then examining each mutant in the library for the presence of a phenotype. The phenotype can be any observable characteristic or trait of an organism such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, or behavior.
Types of Genetic Screens
There are two main types of genetic screens: forward genetics and reverse genetics.
In a forward genetics screen, random mutations are induced in a population of organisms, and then individuals are screened for alterations in the phenotype of interest.
In a reverse genetics screen, a specific gene of interest is mutated, and then the effect of this mutation on the organism's phenotype is observed.
Related Terms
- Mutagenesis: The process of inducing mutations.
- Phenotype: The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
- Genotype: The genetic constitution of an individual organism.
- Mutation: A change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Genetic screen
- Wikipedia's article - Genetic screen
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