Gene mapping

Gene Mapping

Gene mapping (pronunciation: /dʒiːn ˈmæpɪŋ/) is a scientific process used to determine the location of genes on a chromosome. The term is derived from the English words "gene", which refers to a unit of heredity, and "mapping", which means to establish the position of.

Definition

Gene mapping is a method used in genetic research to identify the specific location of genes on a chromosome. This process is crucial in understanding the human genome and the genetic basis of diseases.

History

The concept of gene mapping was first introduced in the early 20th century by Thomas H. Morgan and his student Alfred H. Sturtevant. They used the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, to create the first genetic map.

Types of Gene Mapping

There are two main types of gene mapping: physical and genetic.

• Physical mapping involves the direct study of the DNA molecule to locate a gene.
• Genetic mapping uses genetic recombination data to determine the relative position of genes on a chromosome.

Applications

Gene mapping has numerous applications in medical and genetic research. It is used in the study of genetic diseases, genetic engineering, and genomics. It also plays a crucial role in the development of personalized medicine.

Related Terms

• Genome
• Genetic Linkage
• Genetic Marker
• Genetic Recombination
• Genetic Variation

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Gene mapping
• Wikipedia's article - Gene mapping

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