Galanin-like peptide
Galanin-like peptide (GALP) is a neuropeptide that is produced in the hypothalamus of the brain. It is named for its similarity to galanin, a peptide that is widely distributed in the brain and gut of many species. GALP has been found to have a variety of physiological effects, including the regulation of food intake, body weight, and reproductive behavior.
Structure and Function
GALP is a 60-amino acid peptide that shares 60% sequence identity with galanin. It is produced in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence of the hypothalamus, regions of the brain that are involved in the regulation of food intake and body weight.
GALP binds to the same G protein-coupled receptors as galanin, but it has a higher affinity for the GALR2 and GALR3 receptors. This suggests that GALP may have different physiological effects than galanin, despite their structural similarity.
Physiological Effects
Food Intake and Body Weight
GALP has been found to stimulate food intake and increase body weight in rats. This effect is thought to be mediated by the GALR2 and GALR3 receptors in the hypothalamus. In addition, GALP has been shown to increase the expression of neuropeptide Y and Agouti-related peptide, two peptides that are known to stimulate food intake.
Reproductive Behavior
GALP also has effects on reproductive behavior. It has been found to stimulate luteinizing hormone secretion in rats, an effect that is thought to be mediated by the GALR2 receptor. In addition, GALP has been shown to increase sexual behavior in male rats.
Clinical Significance
Due to its effects on food intake and body weight, GALP is being studied as a potential target for the treatment of obesity. In addition, its effects on reproductive behavior suggest that it may have potential applications in the treatment of reproductive disorders.
See Also
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