Foraminotomy

Foraminotomy is a surgical procedure that aims to relieve pressure on nerves that are being compressed by the intervertebral foramina, the passages through the vertebrae through which nerve bundles pass from the spinal cord out to the body. This pressure can cause symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness along the course of the nerve being compressed.

Procedure

The procedure is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes a small incision in the back, neck, or both, depending on where the nerve compression is located. Using specialized instruments, the surgeon removes a portion of the bone or tissue that is compressing the nerve. This can include parts of the vertebrae, intervertebral disc, or ligaments near the foramen. The goal is to open up the foramen to give the nerve more room.

Indications

Foraminotomy is typically recommended for patients who have symptoms of nerve compression that have not responded to non-surgical treatments such as physical therapy, medications, or injections. Conditions that may cause nerve compression and could potentially be treated with foraminotomy include herniated disc, spinal stenosis, and spondylosis.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, foraminotomy carries some risks. These can include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and complications from anesthesia. There is also a chance that the procedure may not relieve the symptoms, or that they may return at a later date.

Recovery

Recovery from foraminotomy varies depending on the individual patient and the specifics of the procedure performed. Some patients may be able to return to normal activities within a few weeks, while others may require several months of recovery. Physical therapy is often recommended to help regain strength and flexibility.

See Also

• Spinal decompression
• Laminectomy
• Discectomy