Influenza-like illness
(Redirected from Flu-like symptoms)
Overview of influenza-like illness
This article is about the medical condition. For the virus, see Influenza virus.
Overview
Influenza-like illness (ILI) is a medical diagnosis of possible influenza or another illness causing a set of common symptoms. These symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, muscle pain, headache, and fatigue. ILI is a clinical diagnosis and is often used in public health surveillance to monitor the spread of influenza and other respiratory viruses.
Symptoms
The symptoms of influenza-like illness are similar to those of influenza and can include:
These symptoms can vary in severity and duration, and not all individuals will experience all symptoms.
Causes
Influenza-like illness can be caused by a variety of viruses, including:
These viruses are spread through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of influenza-like illness is primarily clinical, based on the presence of symptoms. Laboratory tests, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, can be used to confirm the presence of specific viruses, such as the influenza virus.
Treatment
Treatment for influenza-like illness is generally supportive and may include:
- Rest
- Hydration
- Over-the-counter medications for symptom relief, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen
In some cases, antiviral medications may be prescribed, particularly if influenza is confirmed and the patient is at high risk for complications.
Prevention
Preventive measures for influenza-like illness include:
- Vaccination against influenza
- Frequent hand washing
- Avoiding close contact with sick individuals
- Covering coughs and sneezes
Public Health Surveillance
Influenza-like illness is monitored by public health agencies to track the spread of influenza and other respiratory viruses. Surveillance data helps inform public health responses and vaccination strategies.
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