Fingernails

Fingernails

Fingernails (/ˈfɪŋɡərˌneɪlz/) are the hard, translucent plates covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers. The term "fingernail" is derived from the Old English finger and nægl, meaning "nail".

Anatomy

Fingernails are composed of a protein called keratin. They originate from the nail matrix, a part of the nail bed located at the base of the nail, under the cuticle. The visible part of the nail is called the nail plate, which is supported by the underlying nail bed.

Function

Fingernails serve several functions. They protect the fingertip and the surrounding soft tissues from injuries. They also enhance precise movements of the fingers by acting as counter-forces when the pulp of the fingers touch an object.

Health and Disease

Changes in the color, shape, or texture of the fingernails can indicate various health problems, such as anemia, thyroid disease, and heart disease. Nail fungus is a common condition that begins as a white or yellow spot under the tip of your fingernail.

Care and Maintenance

Proper nail care is important for maintaining healthy fingernails. This includes keeping the nails clean and dry to prevent bacterial and fungal infections, and trimming them regularly to prevent splitting and chipping.

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