Nail matrix
Nail Matrix
The Nail Matrix, also known as the Keratogenic Matrix or Onychostroma, is the tissue (or germinal matrix) which produces the cells that become the nail plate. The nail matrix is located at the base of the nail and is responsible for the growth of the nail.
Pronunciation
Nail Matrix: /neɪl ˈmeɪtrɪks/
Etymology
The term "Nail Matrix" is derived from the Latin word "matrix" which means "womb" or "origin". This is fitting as the nail matrix is the origin of the nail plate.
Related Terms
- Nail Plate: The hard, translucent part of the nail that is visible on the finger or toe.
- Nail Bed: The skin beneath the nail plate.
- Cuticle: The tissue that covers the base of the nail and protects the nail matrix.
- Lunula: The crescent-shaped whitish area of the nail bed.
- Onycholysis: Separation of the nail plate from the underlying nail bed.
Function
The nail matrix produces the cells that become the nail plate. The size, shape, and thickness of the nail are determined by the form of the matrix. As the nail matrix produces new cells, the older cells are pushed forward and become compressed, hard, and translucent, forming the nail plate.
Disorders
Disorders or injuries to the nail matrix can cause changes in the shape, thickness, or color of the nail. Some common disorders include Onychomycosis (fungal infection of the nail), Onycholysis (separation of the nail plate from the nail bed), and Onychoschizia (splitting of the nails).
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nail matrix
- Wikipedia's article - Nail matrix
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