Exploratory laparotomy

Exploratory Laparotomy

Exploratory laparotomy (pronounced: ex-plor-a-tory lap-a-rot-o-my) is a surgical procedure that involves opening the abdomen to examine the abdominal organs. The term is derived from the Greek words 'lapara' meaning 'flank' and 'tome' meaning 'cutting'.

Procedure

During an exploratory laparotomy, a surgeon makes a large incision in the abdominal wall to gain access to the abdominal cavity. This allows the surgeon to visually inspect the organs, such as the liver, stomach, intestines, and pancreas, and to take tissue samples if necessary. The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia.

Indications

Exploratory laparotomy is often performed when imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI are unable to provide enough information about a suspected problem in the abdomen. Conditions that may warrant an exploratory laparotomy include appendicitis, cancer, abdominal trauma, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, exploratory laparotomy carries risks, including infection, bleeding, and complications from anesthesia. There may also be risks associated with the specific condition being investigated.

Related Terms

Laparoscopy: A less invasive procedure that uses a laparoscope to examine the abdominal organs.
Laparotomy incision: The surgical cut made in the abdomen during a laparotomy.
Abdominal surgery: Any surgical procedure that involves opening the abdomen.