Epithelioid sarcoma

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Epithelioid sarcoma
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Nodule, ulceration, pain
Complications	Metastasis
Onset	Typically in young adults
Duration	Chronic
Types	Distal, proximal
Causes	Unknown
Risks	Male gender, young adult
Diagnosis	Biopsy, immunohistochemistry
Differential diagnosis	Synovial sarcoma, granuloma, epidermoid cyst
Prevention	None known
Treatment	Surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy
Medication	Doxorubicin, ifosfamide
Prognosis	Variable, depends on stage and location
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Epithelioid sarcoma is a rare type of sarcoma that typically arises in the soft tissue of the extremities, often in the hands or feet. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid cells, which resemble the epithelial cells that line the body's cavities and surfaces.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of epithelioid sarcoma is a slow-growing lump or swelling. This may be accompanied by pain or discomfort. In some cases, the disease may cause skin ulcers or other changes in the skin.

Causes

The exact cause of epithelioid sarcoma is unknown. However, it is thought to arise from changes in the DNA of cells, which cause them to grow and divide uncontrollably.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of epithelioid sarcoma typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan, and biopsy. The biopsy sample is examined under a microscope to look for the characteristic epithelioid cells.

Treatment

Treatment for epithelioid sarcoma usually involves surgery to remove the tumor. This may be followed by radiation therapy or chemotherapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. In some cases, targeted therapies or immunotherapies may be used.

Prognosis

The prognosis for epithelioid sarcoma varies depending on the size and location of the tumor, the patient's overall health, and the extent to which the disease has spread at the time of diagnosis.

Images

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  Epithelioid sarcoma at intermediate magnification
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  Epithelioid sarcoma at high magnification
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  Epithelioid sarcoma with SMARCB1 staining at high magnification

See also

• Sarcoma
• Cancer
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy