Epistemology
Epistemology
Epistemology (pronounced: /ɪˌpɪstɪˈmɒlədʒi/) is a branch of philosophy that investigates the origin, nature, methods, and limits of human knowledge. The term 'Epistemology' is derived from the Greek words 'episteme' meaning 'knowledge' and 'logos' meaning 'study of'.
Definition
Epistemology is the study of the nature of knowledge, justification, and the rationality of belief. It explores the nature of knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as truth, belief, and justification. It also deals with the means of production of knowledge, as well as skepticism about different knowledge claims.
History
The history of epistemology is a subject of much debate. It is often said to begin with the ancient Greeks, with the philosophical works of Plato and Aristotle. Plato's allegory of the cave and Aristotle's metaphysics are often cited as early examples of epistemology.
Branches of Epistemology
Epistemology is divided into several branches, including:
- Empiricism: This branch asserts that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience.
- Rationalism: This branch claims that knowledge is gained primarily through reason and logical thought.
- Skepticism: This branch questions the possibility of certain or absolute knowledge.
- Pragmatism: This branch asserts that knowledge is validated by its practical implications and uses.
Related Terms
- Ontology: The philosophical study of the nature of being, becoming, existence, or reality.
- Metaphysics: The branch of philosophy that explores the fundamental nature of reality, including the relationship between mind and matter, substance and attribute, potentiality and actuality.
- Axiology: The philosophical study of value, including both aesthetic value and ethical value.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Epistemology
- Wikipedia's article - Epistemology
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