Enterovirus 71
Enterovirus 71
Enterovirus 71 (pronounced: en-ter-o-vi-rus sev-en-ty-one), often abbreviated as EV71, is a virus that is part of the Enterovirus genus within the Picornaviridae family. The term "enterovirus" is derived from the Greek words "enteron" meaning intestine and "virus" meaning poison.
EV71 was first isolated and characterized from cases of neurological disease in California in 1969. It is one of the major causative agents for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and is also associated with severe neurological diseases such as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and poliomyelitis-like paralysis.
Transmission
EV71 is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, direct contact with nasopharyngeal secretions, or via respiratory droplets. The virus can survive in the environment and can be found in contaminated surfaces and objects.
Symptoms
The symptoms of EV71 infection can range from asymptomatic to severe neurological disease. The most common symptoms include fever, rash on hands and feet, and painful sores in the mouth. Severe cases can lead to neurological complications such as aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and acute flaccid paralysis.
Prevention and Treatment
There is currently no specific antiviral treatment for EV71 infection. Management of the disease is primarily supportive, focusing on the relief of symptoms and the prevention of complications. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infection. As of now, several EV71 vaccines have been developed and are available in some countries.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Enterovirus 71
- Wikipedia's article - Enterovirus 71
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