Endosymbiotic theory
Endosymbiotic Theory
The Endosymbiotic Theory (pronunciation: /ˌɛndoʊˌsaɪmbɪˈɒtɪk ˈθɪəri/) is a scientific theory that explains the origin of Eukaryotic cells from Prokaryotic cells. It was first articulated by Lynn Margulis in the 20th century.
Etymology
The term "Endosymbiotic" is derived from the Greek words "endo" meaning within, "syn" meaning together and "bios" meaning life. The theory thus refers to the symbiosis, or living together, of different organisms within a single cell.
Explanation
According to the Endosymbiotic Theory, eukaryotic cells, which are complex and contain a nucleus, evolved from simpler prokaryotic cells through a process of symbiosis. This occurred when a prokaryotic cell engulfed another cell, which then lived inside the host cell and eventually became an integral part of it. This process is believed to have led to the development of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts, which are key organelles in eukaryotic cells.
Evidence
There is substantial evidence supporting the Endosymbiotic Theory. This includes the fact that mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which is different from the DNA found in the nucleus of the cell. Additionally, these organelles replicate independently of the cell, similar to how bacteria reproduce.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Endosymbiotic theory
- Wikipedia's article - Endosymbiotic theory
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