Echinocandin

Echinocandin is a class of antifungal drugs that inhibit the synthesis of beta-glucan, a component of the fungal cell wall. They are typically used to treat invasive fungal infections in patients who are immunocompromised or critically ill.

Mechanism of Action

Echinocandins work by inhibiting the enzyme 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase, which is responsible for the synthesis of beta-glucan. This leads to a weakening of the fungal cell wall and ultimately, cell death.

Types of Echinocandins

There are currently three echinocandins approved for use:

• Caspofungin
• Micafungin
• Anidulafungin

Each of these drugs has a slightly different spectrum of activity and side effect profile, but all are effective against a range of Candida species and Aspergillus species.

Side Effects

Common side effects of echinocandins include:

• Fever
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Headache
• Rash

More serious side effects can include liver damage and anaphylaxis, although these are rare.

Drug Interactions

Echinocandins can interact with a number of other medications, including cyclosporine, tacrolimus, and sirolimus. These interactions can increase the risk of side effects and should be managed carefully.

See Also

• Antifungal drug
• Invasive fungal infection
• Immunocompromised patient

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  Echinocandin B structure

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  Caspofungin structure

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  Anidulafungin structure