Dichlorvos

Dichlorvos or 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate (commonly abbreviated as an DDVP) is a organophosphate, developed during the early 1960s as an insecticide, and a parasiticide for pets.

History

Dichlorvos was developed by Shell Development Company in the 1960s following the discovery of the insecticidal properties of organophosphates during the 1930s and 1940s.

Uses

Dichlorvos is used to control household pests, in public health, and for protection of stored product from insects. It is used on crops, animals, and in pest-strips.

Mechanism of action

Dichlorvos works by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme necessary for normal nerve impulse transmission, resulting in excess acetylcholine at the sites of neurotransmission, causing persistent depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane.

Health effects

Exposure to dichlorvos can cause nausea, diarrhea, increased heart rate, and in severe cases, can cause death. Chronic exposure can cause a delayed neuropathy.

Environmental effects

Dichlorvos is toxic to birds and fish, and is also toxic to bees.

See also

• Organophosphate poisoning
• Insecticide
• Parasiticide

References

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  Structural formula of Dichlorvos
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  3D model of Dichlorvos
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  Gold medal awarded to Kelvin