Decompression (surgery)

Decompression (pronounced: /ˌdiːkəmˈprɛʃən/) is a surgical procedure used to alleviate pressure on a body part, often the spine. The term originates from the Latin words "de-" meaning "from" or "out of" and "compressus," the past participle of "comprimere," which means "to press together."

Overview

In the context of surgery, decompression involves the removal or repositioning of tissue to relieve pressure on a structure or organ. This is often performed in the case of spinal stenosis, where the spinal canal narrows and compresses the nerves and spinal cord. Decompression surgery can also be used to treat carpal tunnel syndrome, hydrocephalus, and chronic compartment syndrome.

Procedure

Decompression surgery typically involves the removal of bone or disc material to create more space for nerves and alleviate pressure. In spinal decompression, this may involve a laminectomy, where part of the vertebra is removed, or a discectomy, where a herniated disc is removed. The specific procedure will depend on the location and cause of the compression.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, decompression surgery carries potential risks and complications. These may include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and complications from anesthesia. It is important for patients to discuss these risks with their healthcare provider before undergoing surgery.

Related Terms

Laminectomy: A surgical procedure to remove part of a vertebra to alleviate pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.
Discectomy: A surgical procedure to remove a herniated disc in the spine.
Spinal stenosis: A condition where the spaces within the spine narrow, which can put pressure on the nerves that travel through the spine.
Carpal tunnel syndrome: A condition that causes numbness, tingling, or weakness in the hand due to pressure on the median nerve in the wrist.
Hydrocephalus: A condition in which an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid occurs within the brain, causing increased pressure within the skull.
Chronic compartment syndrome: A condition characterized by increased pressure within a muscle compartment which can lead to muscle and nerve damage.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Decompression (surgery)
Wikipedia's article - Decompression (surgery)

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Decompression (surgery)