Collagen, type VIII, alpha 2
Collagen, Type VIII, Alpha 2
Collagen, type VIII, alpha 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL8A2 gene. This protein is a member of the collagen family, which is a group of naturally occurring proteins that are the main component of connective tissues in animals. Collagen type VIII is a non-fibrillar collagen and is known for its role in the formation of the extracellular matrix and its involvement in various biological processes.
Structure
Collagen type VIII is a short-chain collagen and is composed of three alpha chains. The alpha 2 chain of type VIII collagen is encoded by the COL8A2 gene. The protein structure includes a triple-helical domain, which is characteristic of collagen molecules, and non-collagenous domains at both the N-terminal and C-terminal ends. These non-collagenous domains are important for the protein's function and interaction with other molecules in the extracellular matrix.
Function
Collagen type VIII is primarily found in the cornea, endothelium, and other tissues. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of these tissues. In the cornea, it is involved in the formation of Descemet's membrane, which is essential for corneal transparency and function. Additionally, collagen type VIII is implicated in the process of angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, and is thought to be involved in wound healing and tissue repair.
Clinical Significance
Mutations in the COL8A2 gene have been associated with certain eye disorders, such as Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy and posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy. These conditions affect the cornea and can lead to vision impairment. Research is ongoing to better understand the role of collagen type VIII in these diseases and to develop potential therapeutic strategies.
Research and Applications
Studies on collagen type VIII are focused on understanding its role in tissue development and disease. It is also being explored for its potential use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The ability to manipulate collagen type VIII could lead to advances in the treatment of corneal diseases and other conditions involving the extracellular matrix.
Also see
| Collagen | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Overview | |
| Type | Protein |
| Function | Structural component of connective tissues |
| Location | Skin, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, blood vessels |
| Types | |
| Related Topics | |
| See Also | |
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