Cold sores

Cold Sores

Cold sores, also known as Fever Blisters (pronunciation: /koʊld sɔːrz/), are small, painful, fluid-filled blisters that usually occur on the lips, gums, or roof of the mouth. They are caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), specifically the HSV-1 strain, although they can also be caused by the HSV-2 strain.

Etymology

The term "cold sore" comes from the common misconception that these sores were caused by colds. The term "fever blister" is derived from the fact that these sores often appear during fevers.

Symptoms

Cold sores typically begin with a tingling, itching, or burning sensation around the mouth. After a few days, small, fluid-filled blisters appear. These blisters may break open, leak a clear fluid, and then scab over after a few days. The entire process usually takes about two weeks.

Causes

Cold sores are caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus. There are two types of this virus: HSV-1 and HSV-2. Both types can cause cold sores, but they are most commonly caused by HSV-1.

Treatment

While there is no cure for the virus that causes cold sores, there are treatments available that can help to reduce the severity and frequency of outbreaks. These include antiviral medications, such as Acyclovir and Valacyclovir, as well as over-the-counter treatments.

Prevention

Preventing cold sores involves avoiding direct contact with the sores, as well as items that have come into contact with the sores. This includes avoiding kissing and sharing items like lip balm and towels.

Related Terms

• Herpes Simplex Virus
• Fever Blisters
• Acyclovir
• Valacyclovir

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Cold sores
• Wikipedia's article - Cold sores

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