Cognitive epidemiology
Cognitive Epidemiology
Cognitive epidemiology is a field of research that examines the associations between intelligence test scores (or other measures of cognitive function) and health, more specifically with mortality and morbidity.
Pronunciation
Cognitive: /kɒɡˈnɪtɪv/ Epidemiology: /ˌɛpɪˌdiːmɪˈɒlədʒi/
Etymology
The term "cognitive" comes from the Latin word "cognitio" which means "knowledge". "Epidemiology" is derived from the Greek words "epi" (upon), "demos" (people), and "logos" (study).
Related Terms
- Intelligence Quotient (IQ): A total score derived from several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence.
- Morbidity: The condition of being diseased.
- Mortality: The state of being subject to death.
- Cognitive Function: Mental processes that allow us to carry out any task.
- Epidemiology: The study and analysis of the distribution, patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.
Overview
Cognitive epidemiology is a branch of epidemiology that focuses on the relationship between cognitive function and health outcomes. It is a relatively new field, but it has already made significant contributions to our understanding of health and disease.
The main focus of cognitive epidemiology is on how cognitive abilities, such as intelligence, are associated with the risk of various diseases and mortality. This includes studying the effects of cognitive abilities on the risk of diseases such as heart disease, stroke, and dementia, as well as on overall mortality.
Cognitive epidemiology also investigates the potential mechanisms through which cognitive abilities could influence health outcomes. These mechanisms could include health behaviors, such as smoking and physical activity, as well as biological factors, such as inflammation and oxidative stress.
Research Methods
Research in cognitive epidemiology typically involves longitudinal studies that measure cognitive abilities and health outcomes over time. These studies often use standardized tests to measure cognitive abilities, such as the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) test. Health outcomes are typically measured using data on morbidity and mortality.
Findings
Research in cognitive epidemiology has found that higher cognitive abilities are generally associated with better health outcomes. For example, people with higher IQ scores are less likely to die from heart disease and stroke, and are also less likely to develop dementia.
Future Directions
Future research in cognitive epidemiology may focus on further elucidating the mechanisms through which cognitive abilities influence health outcomes. This could include research on the genetic and environmental factors that influence both cognitive abilities and health outcomes.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cognitive epidemiology
- Wikipedia's article - Cognitive epidemiology
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