Intelligence quotient
Intelligence Quotient
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a score derived from several standardized tests designed to assess human intelligence. Pronounced as /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns ˈkwəʊʃ(ə)nt/. The term "Intelligence Quotient" was coined by the psychologist William Stern for the German term Intelligenzquotient.
History
The first IQ test, the Binet-Simon Test, was developed in the early 20th century as a way to identify students needing extra help in school. The test was later revised by Lewis Terman at Stanford University and became known as the Stanford-Binet Test.
Calculation
The IQ score is calculated by dividing the test taker's mental age (as determined by their performance on the test) by their chronological age and then multiplying that number by 100.
Related Terms
- Standardized Test: A test that is administered and scored in a consistent manner to ensure legal defensibility.
- Mental Age: A measure of an individual's mental attainment based on the age in which it takes an average individual to reach that same level of mental attainment.
- Chronological Age: The actual age of the person being tested.
- Psychometrics: The field of study concerned with the theory and technique of psychological measurement, which includes the measurement of knowledge, abilities, attitudes, and personality traits.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Intelligence quotient
- Wikipedia's article - Intelligence quotient
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