Channel protein

Channel Protein

Channel proteins (pronounced: /ˈtʃænəl ˈproʊtiːn/) are integral membrane proteins that form a channel to allow specific molecules or ions to pass through the cell membrane. They are a type of transport protein and play a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of the cell.

Etymology

The term "channel protein" is derived from the English words "channel" and "protein". "Channel" comes from the Latin word "canalis" meaning a pipe or groove, and "protein" comes from the Greek word "proteios" meaning primary or holding the first place.

Function

Channel proteins facilitate the transport of substances across a cell's membrane. They provide a hydrophilic path through the membrane's hydrophobic interior, allowing polar and charged particles to pass. This process is known as facilitated diffusion.

Types

There are several types of channel proteins, including:

• Ion channels: These allow ions to pass through the membrane.
• Aquaporins: These allow water molecules to pass through the membrane.
• Gap junction proteins: These allow communication between cells by permitting the passage of ions and small molecules.

Related Terms

• Active transport
• Passive transport
• Carrier protein
• Cell membrane

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Channel protein
• Wikipedia's article - Channel protein

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