Ceramics
Ceramics
Ceramics (pronunciation: /sɪˈræmɪks/) are a broad category of hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing a nonmetallic mineral, such as clay, at a high temperature. The term 'ceramics' comes from the Greek word 'keramos', which means 'potter's clay'.
Etymology
The word 'ceramics' is derived from the Greek word 'keramos', which translates to 'potter's clay'. The term was first used in English in the 1850s, referring to the art of making things out of fired clay.
Types of Ceramics
There are three main types of ceramics: earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain. Each type has its own unique properties and uses.
- Earthenware: This is the oldest and simplest type of ceramics. It is made from clay and fired at low temperatures. Earthenware is porous and not as strong as other types of ceramics.
- Stoneware: Stoneware is made from a particular type of clay and fired at high temperatures, making it non-porous and very strong.
- Porcelain: Porcelain is made from a mixture of clay, feldspar, and quartz. It is fired at very high temperatures, resulting in a material that is strong, translucent, and resistant to thermal shock.
Uses of Ceramics
Ceramics have a wide range of uses, from pottery and sculpture to industrial applications. Some of the most common uses include:
- Pottery: This is one of the oldest uses of ceramics. Pottery includes both decorative and functional items such as vases, bowls, and plates.
- Sculpture: Ceramics are often used in sculpture due to their versatility and durability.
- Industrial applications: Ceramics are used in a variety of industrial applications due to their heat resistance and strength. These include electrical insulators, abrasives, and cutting tools.
Related Terms
- Clay: A natural material composed primarily of fine-grain minerals, which is the primary ingredient in ceramics.
- Kiln: A type of oven used to fire or bake ceramics.
- Glaze: A coating applied to ceramics before firing to add color, texture, and a smooth finish.
- Pottery: The craft or occupation of making objects from clay.
- Sculpture: The art of making two- or three-dimensional representative or abstract forms.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ceramics
- Wikipedia's article - Ceramics
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